A waterfall on the awash river laden with mud after a storm in central ethiopias oromia region. Indian rivers origin and destination pdf download consists of the list of important rivers in india, their origins, destination, tributaries state wise. Trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables in the awash river basin, ethiopia article pdf available in water 1011. The eastern half, the ogaden basin, consists of jurassic, cretaceous, and tertiary sedimentary rocks. Ethiopia, among early adopters, has developed a water policy, legislations, and strategy per iwrm core principles. The inset map shows the location of the gidabo river basin red polygon within the ethiopian rift. This book is about the grand ethiopian renaissance dam newly being built on the blue nile, a transboundary river. A handbook for integrated water resources management in basins. Drought is a common occurrence in the awash river basin edossa et al. Modeling climate change impact on the hydrology of keleta. Revision of the drainage design manual in ethiopia. The rift valley is a place where modern irrigation in ethiopia starts especially in the awash river basin at which adoption of pumpirrigation commences. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam and the nile basin.
Pdf the awash river basin faces land degradation, high population density, natural water degradation salinity. The upper blue nile basin ubnb is located in the ethiopian highlands, which is the most important subbasin of the nile. Managing water resources to maximize sustainable growth. River basin in ethiopia along with their purposes and. Baroopeno wenz, known to the anuak as openo river is a river in southwestern ethiopia, which defines part of ethiopias border with south sudan. The baropibor confluence marks the beginning of the sobat river, a tributary of the.
Originating from the bale mountain in the ethiopian highlands, at an altitude of about 4 230 meters above sea level, the total basin area of the shabelle river is 297 000 km2 6. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town west of addis ababa in ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and. Climate change projections in the awash river basin of. Integrating geoinformation for the management of river. Next, the paper looks at the specific geographic and hydrological characteristics of the nile basin to identify management unitse. Precipitation and streamflow variability in tekeze river.
Figure 2 from ethiopian geological survey, mapping authority, 1996, presents an area of 1,127,127 square kilometers 435,186 square miles divided in half by a northeastsouthwesttrending rift lined with tertiary and quaternary volcanic rocks. The awash river basin is the most important river basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. Ethiopia is a rugged and landlocked country located in the horn of africa. Ethiopian authorities have recognized the importance of the nile river to the survival and vitality of egyptian agriculture and hence human survival and development in egypt. Water resources in ethiopia are relatively skewed towards basins with rivers flowing to the west and southwest. Analysis of rainfall trend and variability for agricultural. Managing shared river basins in the horn of africa.
The climate and hydrology of the upper blue nile river core. Location and elevation of awash basin among the ethiopian river basins. This pdf also covers the other important details like countries and cities through which this rivers flows. Regional and local hydrological regimes are significantly vulnerable to global climate change which threaten water resources and food security of nations. Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates over ethiopian. Pdf trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables. Water management has evolved from being just a local focus to a national and global concern, necessitating new approaches to ensure comprehensive and sustainable resource management, financing, and conflict management gourbesville, 2008. The awash river basin is the most important basin in. River basins, which apparently has more up to date data on soils for the various river basins.
Surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia 103 fig. The analysis included a baseline period from 1986 to 2005 and two future scenarios 2050s and 2070s under two representative concentration pathways rcp4. It rises in the ethiopian plateau and flows southward for about 400 miles 644 km into the northern end of lake rudolf. River basins of ethiopia with estimates of their runoffcapacity, irrigation and hydropower potential and. Modern irrigation was started at the awash river basin with bilateral cooperation of ethiopia and dutch company. Delta statistical downscaling methods were used to downscale 20 global circulation models gcms. The climate in the blue nile river basin varies greatly between its inception in the highlands of ethiopia and its con. This research aimed to project and analyse climate change in the awash river basin arb using bias.
The area covered is smaller, but wetlands are also important. Central to most of the efforts over the last two decades is the concept. This paper also indicates how the model calibration approach should be geared in terms of logical assumptions and reasonable representation of groundwater systems to better contribute to sustainable use of groundwater resources in ethiopia. Unfortunately, all river basins in ethiopia except for the nile basin face water shortages. The second source that compensates the rest of the year is the great lakes region of africa, which provides about 15 per cent of egypts needs. The awash river basin covers a total area of about 110,000 km 2. Surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia. Pdf climate change impact on water resources in the. Ethiopias longest unique river is the awash, while its longest shared with other nations is the nile. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town, in the west side of the capital city of addis ababa, ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and terminates in the salty lake abbe on the border with. With climate change prevailing around the world, understanding the changes in longterm annual and seasonal rainfall at local scales is very important in planning for required adaptation measures. Ana cascao provides an original and critical account of the contemporary hydropolitics of the nile river basin, focussing in particular on the postcolonial era and taking into account the crucial changes in the regional and national. Omo river, river in southwestern ethiopia, eastern africa.
Afcapeth 005t first workshop report harmony hotel, addis ababa, ethiopia. Ethiopia has some of the richest water resources in africa, distributed across eight major basins with an exploitable hydropower potential of 45,000 mw. Water resources management in ethiopia description continued in this study, the editors address these and other issues surrounding water resources management in all economic and water sectors in ethiopia within the setting of the nile basin, the first comprehensive treatment of this subject. Important cities and locations on these river banks. The global water partnershipgwp is an international network whose vision is for a watersecure world. Integrated water resources management iwrm has been a dominant paradigm for water sector reform worldwide over the past two decades. Download pdf save cite this item table of contents. Water resources and our development initiatives ethiopian public. Mean annual rainfall in the dhidhessa river basin ranges from 1509 mm e. Analysis of water use on a large river basin using mike. A characterisation and trend study of the awash river basin, ethiopia. Lake tana sits at 1,830 m above sea level with an annual average precipitation of nearly 1,000 mm and evaporation rates of 1,150 mm per year.
Abay river adabay river akaki river akobo river ala river alero river angereb river ataba river ataye river atbarah river awash river awetu river ayesha river. The primary focus is on determining the longterm temporal and seasonal changes in the flows of the blue nile in ethiopia at the border to sudan. The awash basin is divided into three parts upper, middle, and lower basins based on climatological, physical, socioeconomic, agricultural, and water resources characteristics 5,21. Challenges of groundwater flow model calibration using. Previously undeveloped, the tekeze is now generating hydroelectric power and makes a significant contribution ethiopias economy. Nov 27, 2019 this research aimed to project and analyse climate change in the awash river basin arb using bias. Heavy rainfall often causes flooding, especially along the awash river and in the lower baroakobo and wabeshebelle river basins. This is important because the blue nile is the main. Balagas river baro river bashilo river beles river bilate river birbir river blue nile borkana river. Grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd an interactive qualifying project report submitted to the faculty of worcester polytechnic institute in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of bachelor of civil engineering by. For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article. Billate and gidabo river basins are identified as recharge while the rest in the lakes. Update and take followup actions on completed integrated river basin development master plans gibieomo, baroakobo, abbay, tekezie, mereb, and prepare master plans for the remaining river basins wabi shebelle, awash, genaledawa, rift valley region, aysha, ogaden, etc.
The dhidhessa river basin originates from sigmo mountain ranges in southwestern ethiopia and flows towards the easterly direction for about 75 km, and then turning rather sharply to the north until it joins. Description of the basin the awash river basin is the most important river basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. Almost all the rivers in ethiopia are seasonal and there are basically no perennial flows below 1,500 meters altitude. Drawing on hydrology, rainfall, and climatic data from the past 25 years, this article investigates the effects of climate change on water resources in the transnational blue nile basin bnb. Climate change impact on water resources in the awash basin, ethiopia. Overview of tekeze hydroelectric power plant general. The awash river basin, ethiopia, is subject to high climate variability, experiencing frequent floods and droughts. The suitability of the dirma river basin in ethiopia for surface irrigation potential development and identification of potentially irrigable sites were the subject of the present study. Namibia road trip 2017 with our partner namvic car duration. Ethiopia the tribes of the omo river basin youtube. Effects of climate change on water resources in the upper. E longitude whereas elevations in the basin ranges from 619 m to 32 m a. The dhidhessa river basin is composed of five main watersheds such as upper dhidhessa, wama, dabana, anger, and lower dhidhessa. Ethiopia has 12 river basins annual runoff from the 9 river basins 122bm3 abbay 53%, baro akobo 24% abbay and baroakobo contribute 77% omoghibe 18% the remaining other river basins contributes mapcarta, the free map.
Integrating geoinformation for the management of river basins in the ethiopian part of the nile basin by wubeshet demeke tefera thesis submitted to the international institute for geoinformation science and earth observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in natural resources management. In river basin context, iwrm is defined as a process that enables the coordinated management of water, land and related resources within the limits of a basin so as to optimize and equitably share the resulting socioeconomic wellbeing without compromising the longterm health of vital ecosystems. Over half of this potential is located in the abbay and omo river basins, where the nearlycompleted 6,000 mw grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd and the recentlycompleted 1,870 mw gibe iii. Pdf surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia. That commentary focused on the plight of tens of thousands of ethiopians who are sick and dying from drinking the polluted waters of lake koka, once a pristine lake, located some 50km south of addis ababa. Longterm spi drought forecasting in the awash river basin. This book, after setting out basinlevel legal and policy successes and failures of managing and sharing nile waters, articulates the opportunities. The awash river basin is the most important basin in ethiopia. Economic evaluation of the proposed alternatives of interbasin. There is an alphabetic list at the end of this article. The river nile in the post colonial age download ebook pdf. A handbook for integrated water resources management in. Wikimedia commons has media related to rivers of ethiopia.
Ethiopian road authority revision of the drainage design manual in ethiopia contract reference. This is a list of streams and rivers in ethiopia, arranged geographically by drainage basin. Its course is entirely contained within the boundaries of ethiopia, and empties into a chain of interconnected lakes that begin with lake gargori and end with lake abbe on the border with djibouti, some 100 kilometers 60 or 70 miles from the head of the gulf of tadjoura. Economic analysis of largescale upstream river basin. The awash river basin is the most important basin in ethiopia, and covers a total land area of 110,000 km 2 and serves as home to 10. The names belongs to either to the towns black or river gauging stations red. The marda fault zone, ethiopia, nature, vol 261, no 5561 178. Three years ago to the week, i wrote a weekly commentary entitled, cry me a lake. Analysis of longterm trends of annual and seasonal rainfall.
Within ethiopia, the river has several tributaries contributing to its runoff. Simulated surface and shallow groundwater resources in the abaya. Surface irrigation methods academia journal of agricultural research. Hydrogeomorphological characterization of dhidhessa river. The volcanotectonic lakes basin of abayachamo is part of the main ethiopian rift.
Due to rising population and increasing water demand in the nile basin, major projects raise interest and concern by millions with potential for water conflict. The tekeze river, which forms the boundary between the regions of tigray and amhara, flows northwards and is a major tributary of the atbara river, which is itself a tributary of the nile. The river basin area suitability was evaluated based on slope, soil and surface water resource availability using arcgis 10. Perspectives of the grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd yohannes yihdego. This is especially true for areas such as the awash river basin where there is very high dependence on rain fed agriculture characterized by frequent droughts and subsequent famines. The heavy dependence of the population on rainfed agriculture has made the people and the countrys. Basin provides the catchment area for addis ababa and contains. The effective and efficient management of water is a major problem, not just for economic growth and development in the nile river basin, but also for the peaceful coexistence of the millions of people who live in the region.
This study investigates the likely impact of climate change on hydrological processes of the keleta watershed in the awash river basin, ethiopia. Akaki river ethiopia ethiopian public health institute. Climate change impact on water resources in the awash basin. Trend analysis of climatic and hydrological variables in. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam on the blue nile. Jun 25, 2018 regional and local hydrological regimes are significantly vulnerable to global climate change which threaten water resources and food security of nations. Integrated water resources management as a system approach.
Precipitation and streamflow variability in tekeze river basin, ethiopia chapter 1 0 109 the highest mean annual precipitation was at debre tabor station 1439. Development of rainfall disaggregation model in the awash river basin, ethiopia. In fact, ethiopian monarchs, who had a fair awareness of the vitality of the nile floods for. Pdf ethiopia has a complex topography, diversified climate, and immense. Pdf water institutions in the awash basin of ethiopia. Static water level swl records from water supply wells drilled for about 32 years in the upper awash basin is considered to illustrate the commonly used groundwater flow model. Oct 12, 2018 indian rivers origin and destination pdf download consists of the list of important rivers in india, their origins, destination, tributaries state wise. The river rises on the high plateau near ginchi town, in the west side of the capital city of addis ababa, ethiopia and flows along the rift valley into the afar triangle, and terminates in the salty lake abbe on the border. The grand ethiopian renaissance dam gerd will not only be africas largest dam, but it is also essential for future cooperation and development in the nile river basin and east african region. May 30, 2019 the suitability of the dirma river basin in ethiopia for surface irrigation potential development and identification of potentially irrigable sites were the subject of the present study. The country occupies a total land area of 1,126,829 square kilometers.
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